Diwali
105 days until Diwali
About Diwali
Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is one of India's most major religious festivals, symbolising the victory of light over darkness and good over evil. Celebrated across the country, it falls on the new moon day (Amavasya) of the Hindu lunar month of Kartik, typically between late October and mid-November.
History
The origins of Diwali stem from ancient epics and spiritual traditions across multiple religions. In Hinduism, the festival primarily marks the return of Lord Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana to Ayodhya after 14 years in exile and their victory over the demon king Ravana. To welcome their return, the residents of Ayodhya illuminated the entire city with rows of earthen lamps. In southern India, Diwali also commemorates Lord Krishna's victory over the demon Narakasura, while across the country, devotees worship Goddess Lakshmi for wealth and prosperity.
The occasion holds deep significance for other faith communities in India as well. For Jains, Diwali marks the anniversary of the liberation (moksha) of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, at Pawapuri in 527 BCE. For Sikhs, the day is celebrated as Bandi Chhor Divas, commemorating the release of the sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind Ji, from Gwalior Fort in 1619 alongside 52 captive kings.
Traditions & Celebrations
Preparations begin days in advance with deep cleaning, renovating, and decorating homes and workplaces. On the main evening, families dress in new clothes, create colourful rangoli patterns at entrances, and light dozens of clay oil lamps (diyas) and candles. Devotees perform Lakshmi Puja to seek blessings of prosperity and wisdom, followed by the exchange of traditional sweets and gifts among relatives and neighbours. Festive gatherings often feature sparklers and fireworks lighting up the night sky.
Did you know?
- The word 'Diwali' derives from the Sanskrit term 'Deepavali', which translates literally to 'a row of lights'.
- The earliest written reference to the term 'Dipalikaya' appears in the Harivamsha Purana, an ancient text composed by the Jain scholar Acharya Jinasena.
- Indian stock exchanges, including the BSE and NSE, conduct a special symbolic one-hour trading session called 'Muhurat Trading' on Diwali evening to mark the start of a prosperous new financial year.
- In West Bengal and parts of Eastern India, the primary celebration on Diwali night is Kali Puja rather than Lakshmi Puja.
Diwali dates by year
Dates marked as estimated are calculated and will be updated once officially confirmed.
Frequently Asked Questions
When is Diwali celebrated?
Diwali is a movable festival based on the Hindu lunar calendar. It takes place on the new moon night (Amavasya) of the month of Kartik, which usually occurs between late October and mid-November.
Why are diyas lit during Diwali?
Lighting earthen oil lamps (diyas) represents the triumph of knowledge and virtue over ignorance and darkness, and serves as an invitation for divine light and positive energy into homes.
How many days does Diwali last?
The broader festival spans five days, starting with Dhanteras and ending with Bhai Dooj, with the main Lakshmi Puja observed on the third day.
Is Diwali celebrated by non-Hindus in India?
Yes, Diwali is widely observed by Jains, Sikhs, and Buddhists, each community attributing its own distinct historical and spiritual significance to the day.